I began to devise SCAEP in 2005, after 25 years of running social communication groups for young people with a wide range of neurodivergent needs in specialist schools and other contexts. Despite using well-respected resources and approaches, there was a constant need to develop additional “hands -on” resources and extensions to meet individual perceptual, communication and cognitive needs of participants. I was conscious of borrowing strategies and approaches from 30 years of clinical experience, including play and music therapy, Personal Construct Psychology (Kelly, 1955; Procter and Winter, 2020), Sensory Integration (Ayres, 1999), augmentative communication and trauma -informed approaches to self-regulation (Van der Kolk, 1996; 2002). Furthermore, there appeared to be nothing in the literature that directly addressed the social communication needs that the young people in my daily life were describing to me.
After patiently listening to me complain about it for several months, my Head of Department and colleagues finally said: “Well, create one then.”
SCAEP (Social Communication as Experiential Play) is the result of 10 years of collaborative work with 188 neurodivergent children and adolescents (6- 19 yrs) in specialist and mainstream education, supported by a patient team of Occupational and Speech and Language Therapists, parents, carers and teachers. The result is an approach to group social communication intervention (GSSI) which attempts to describe and address the tension between the authentic lived experiences of neurodivergence and demands from the so-called ‘neurotypical’ world to “be more normal for once in your life” (Skinner, 1999).
Tuning the focus to processes of co-regulation between individuals rather than the relative skill -sets and competencies of each individual emphasises the agency of each to develop and direct interactions. This is a novel experience for young people who are used to someone else monitoring their actions for normativity and judging the competence of their interactions. It is even more of a novel experience when everyone in the room finds social interaction challenging but is assumed to be capable of sustaining interactions and meaning, albeit through different means of expression and different understandings of the same context. This principle immediately contextualises all personal actions, partial social acts and levels of engagement as meaningful and intentional, rather than ‘weird’. Consequently, there can be no ‘failure to engage’ in SCAEP, only a meaningful presence in the room.
Understanding of how your personal sensory processing and neurocognitive systems impact on the development of your perceptual, social, emotional and linguistic constructs about the world, and how those constructs, beliefs and values are expressed in your interactions
Understanding of how social communication is an act of TRANSLATION between individuals’ views of the world and how a “meeting of minds” facilitates understanding, social interaction, cooperation, assertiveness and resilience;
Classroom: incorporating SCAEP principles and models into your school community to foster inclusive social interaction; support self- regulation, language development, metalinguistic and executive functioning; enable conflict resolution and de-escalation.
Family: supporting problem-solving, negotiation and compromise by developing shared meaning and practical strategies to support communication and emotional regulation.
16 TYPES OF PLAY – INSIDE, OUTSIDE, ONLINE
Music, dance, martial arts, yoga, painting, drawing, modelling, building, gaming, fantasy role-play, special interests and traditional games … it’s all SCAEP
NO WORKSHEETS (unless you make them!)
SCAEP evolved into a novel approach to social competence based on the proposition that neurodivergence confers fundamentally different, but nevertheless valid, experiences of being-in-the-world which give rise to anticipations of how the world works. SCAEP takes the position that the behaviours we associate with ‘poor social skills’ are inherently constructive and meaningful forms of communication, despite not necessarily reflecting meanings anticipated by a social partner. Assuming diverse world-views and beliefs to be “normal” transforms social interaction into a process of comparing and translating between anticipated meanings, rather than presupposing that one participant’s reality is more accurate than another’s. Consequently, SCAEP is a programme of intervention aimed not at acquiring “neurotypical” normativity and social skills, but rather at providing a systematised framework for neurodivergent young people to examine why and how they communicate as they do- fostering sustained social interaction, empathy and adaptivity to changing social contexts in the process.
SCAEP’s transdisciplinary approach to social competence is firmly situated within a Difference model of Neurodiversity (Walker, 2014). SCAEP integrates De Jaegher, Di Paolo and Cuffari’s (2007; 2015) enactivist theories of Participatory Sense-making and Languaging with Personal and Relational Construct Psychology (Procter and Winter, 2020) and current neuroscience research to create a framework enabling neurodivergent young people to embark on a journey of self- discovery into “how I tick'' during social interaction and how you and I might “tick in concert” (R, 2007). The structure is designed to sustain social connectedness at multiple levels of intersubjective development, recognising that ‘social skills’ are, in fact, one small part of a far more complex system of relating and adapting to one another’s understanding of being-in-the-world.
SCAEP does not make demands to achieve neurotypical normativity, but rather accepts the neurodevelopment and social cognition of neurodivergence as a given, while providing a context for exploring and developing flexible and adaptive interactions between neurodivergent peers. Consequently, play in SCAEP is based around exploring and comparing participants’ intended meaning. To this end, it is expected that games and activities will take on a life of their own, rather than being filtered through the expectations of a therapist. The principle of developing social engagement within evolving interactions between young people with a range of neurodivergent needs fulfils a specific purpose; that of re-engaging with meaning at multiple developmental levels of social engagement underpinning social competence in older children and teens and which inform social cognition during interaction. In other words, “we ‘therap’ each other as we go so we can keep playing” (K., 2008)
The SCAEP book (provisional title SCAEP: An Integrative Clinical Framework for Social Communication Interventions) is due to be published in late 2024 by Taylor and Francis Group.
This book was written at the request of young people, parents and my colleagues in education, Speech and Language, Occupational and psychological therapy fields who deliver and take part in ‘social skills’ interventions of one form or another. The SCAEP approach is offered with the greatest respect and a firm belief that we need to consult the true experts in living and relating differently, if we wish our therapies to remain relevant in modern social and political landscapes. I am inclined to suggest that it might be time to reconsider the facilitator’s role in group social skills interventions (GSSIs) as one akin to Vygotsky’s (1987) ‘slightly more competent peer’ who is also still learning, rather than ‘expert’ deliverers of social communication interventions to neurodevelopmentally atypical children and adolescents.
With this in mind, the book will engage the reader in an exploration of SCAEP, providing a map that takes us from a normatively- based, deficit model of social communication development- ‘This is how ‘normal’ people operate; how do I get you to the same point?’- to an approach which addresses the implications of neurodevelopmental differences as social processes and their effects on meaning- making in social interaction - ‘This is how you construe meaning in the world; how do we work together to compare and adapt our personal viewpoints, while sustaining our interaction?’
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